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Modulation

Modulation is when the signal is carried by an electronic or optical signal carrier. It is used to impress data, image, voice, etc on to a carrier wave for transmission. The form of modulation can think of blanket waving pass information to an certain area. It is used for most of radio get or pass the signal and information in the air. The common modulation are amplitude modulation, frequency modulation, and phase modulation. Amplitude modulation (AM), in which the voltage applied to the carrier is varied over time. Frequency modulation (FM), the frequency of the carrier of FM is varied in small but meaningful amounts. Phase modulation (PM) contain natural flow of the alternating current waveform.

Demodulation
Demodulation separates the original signal from the modulated carrier. A demodulator is an electronic circuit that used to produce a signal to alter and recover the modulated carrier wave. It is common used in connection with radio receivers, but many other systems use other different kinds of demodulators.

Bandwidth

Bandwidth is a term of computer networks. It transfer amount of data and information that can be carried from one point to another. It is usually given period of time (a second) to pass data in bits per second (bps).

TCP/IP

Computer use hardware-addresses to identify TCP/IP of each other's location. On worldwide network, the information are come from other computer. It makes it easier to find the resources over the internet. Every computer has its own IP address. It usually depend on where you are located. TCP/IP has its computer rules to cooperating computers of sharing information on internet works. The internet protocol controls where do you send your data to and where the data come from. There are also some program can hide your computer IP for your privacy.

Node

Node is basically anything that can connect to the computer network. I can be your computer, PDA's, smart phones, fax, or other network implements. Each node has its own IP address.

Client
A client is user that requesting program in a client/server. The user can open a Web browser to interact with the page from servers on the Web. The browser get and return the requests in HTML file.

Server

Server is a computer or device on network that handles the request and sends it back to the clients through the internet. Any user can store amount of files as a file server. The database sever processes the data and organize it in the server. A server basically is the program that manages the resources from the clients.

Network Operating Systems

Network operating systems allow users use computer to share information on multiple computers network. It is a software that runs on server and manages data, users groups, security, applications, and other networking functions.

Network Administrator

A network administrator is a person who maintains hardware and software of the computer network. Net work administrator is usually technical/network staff in an organization who is ensuring the network connectivity working normal.

Input and output / Secondary storage

Input and output

Ergonomic Keyboard

An ergonomic keyboard is an input device that is special designed for end-user to type easily and minimize muscle strain. It's a single keyboard splits into two areas allow right and laft hands to type at a different angle. Ergonomic keyboards are high cost and it is not a common use by people because people nowadays are more get used to the straight keyboard.

Ink-jet Printer

Inkjet printers are the most widely used by people because inkjet printers are reliable, quiet, and the price is affortable to regular users. It sprays ink onto paper within high speed places extreme small droplets of ink to create image or text. The dots are usually between 50 and 60 microns in diameter which is tinier than normal human hair.

-Laser Printer

Laser pinter uses laser beam to produce images with excellent letter. It is more expensive than ink-jet printer. The laser unit fires the light reflect the mirror charge the photoreceptor drum to draw image on the paper. But unfortunately most of the laser printer only print out monochrome text and image.

-Magnetic-ink character

Magnetic-in is the technology that used to type and print out the text on the paper. Nowday it is still been used by the banking, printing checks.

-Optical-character recognition

Optical character recognition (OCR) is a wide used implement that scans image, handwritings, textbook, graph paper, and change it to the form that computer can read and change it. OCR can edit the text and copy free artifacts.

-Optical-Mark recognition

Optical-mark recognition is type of technology that can read the mark on the marking paper and recognize the locations those dots. It can only recognize 2B pencil mark. It extract the intended data from marked fields. It frequently used for test and examinations.

Secondary storage

-Disk caching

Disk caching improve the speed for disk to read or write on to a hard disk. I can be seen in the hard disk. The purpose is to increase the reading process when the operating system performs features of programs.

-File Compression

File Compression compresses data into smaller size and includes varies of files and documents. There are some widely use program can compress data like ZIP, RAR, and other program.

-File Decompression

When you use program to compress files then you also can use its function to decompress the compression.

-Internet hard drive

-Optical Disc Drive

-Solid-state storage

System Unit

RAM
Random-access memory or RAM is the computer ships that temporarily store dynamic data to enhance computer performance. Random access memory is volatile. Once the power is cut, it would lose its contents when the computer shuts down properly. It can be used in pringters and other devices.

Cache

The purpose of cache is to store recently-use information in a place there it pages, images, and URLs of recently visted Web sites on your hard drive. It automatically save the data while you are visiting the pages, flashs, and images on internet so you don't have to download them all over again.

ROM
Read-Only Memory or ROM is memory containing hard wired instructions that the computer uses when it boots up before the system software loads.

Flash Memory

Flash Memory is commen memory device in the world. It is a non-volatile computer storeage chip which can be electrically erased and reprogrammed. It is used in several products such as memory cards, USB flash drives,thumb-drives, MP3 players, digital camera memory cards, SanDisk and so on.

Graphic Card

Graphic Card is also known as video card, is a piece of hardware which rendering the image on the computer's monitor or display screen. While the end-user is using the computer to watch videos or play games, graphic card is responsible for the quality of the views.

Sound Card

Network

Interface CArd

Plug and Play

Universal Serial 3us port(USB)

Serial Port

Paralled Port

Firewire Port

Ethernet Port

High Definition Multimedia Interface Port(HDMI)

Basic and Specialized Application Softtware

Graphical User Interface (GUI)
GUI is a program interface that make user work more effectively with command-driven interface with images. For example, Microsoft Windows and Apple Macintosh. The area includes desktop interface, icons, pointing device, windows, and menus.

Spreadsheet
A application that use for prodtction of any printing materials. They are varies of spreadsheet application. For example, Microsoft words and Pages are the most commen spreadsheet application for Windows and Macintosh.

DBMS
DBMS stands for "Database Management System". It is a database system that manage incoming data and organize it in the way that users can easily classfy on the data that DBMS manage. For example, people who work in markting may use Microsoft Access to organize the product datas.

Utility Suites
The programs that make are comprise into a package and sell as a group. It can be entertainments, IT products, applications or specialized softwares. For instance, software companies will sell their products in packaged with nice cover. End users will either buy it from the store or get it for free from internet.

Web Authoring

Creating a site is called Web authoring. It allow end users to create a website and develop it in a desktop publishing formate. It includes Web page editors, HTML is a typical web site creating and designing tool used to design the website.

Audio Editing Software
Audio Editing Software can use in wide areas. End users can use audio editing software to create, recreate, and organized any sound. General audio editing software functions include recording sound, sound effects, editing, copy, cut, paste, basic functions. It makes end users more easier to editing their musical projects, movie background song effects and so on.

Bitmap Image
A bitmap image or pixmap is a type of image formate used to store digital images. A picture has taken by any type of photographic machine consist extreme amount of dots to formate the image. Bitmap can recalculate the picture and zoom it in or out in details.

Desktop Publishing Program
Desktop Publishing Program help the end users to create communicate desktop printings. For examples, news paper, news letter, brochure and magazine are designed by the people who used this program.

HTML Editor

HTML is written behind every website that you can see on internet. HTML is a typical web site creating and designing tool used to design the website. For example, Weblogs/blogs are created by written HTML

Image Editor

Image editor program can be used for editing photographs. You can use this program to change photo's color, brightness, cut, paste, add pictures, etc. Image editor makes changes to original pictures and images but it also can create graphics its own.

Multimedia
Multimedia is the combination of individual content forms. There are text, audio, still images animation, video footage, and interactivity.

Vector Image
A vector image means the information saved of the picture is saved in a mathematical format. a photograph image is saved in bits. From left to right, from top to bottom, Every color is saved as a dot. These dots come together and create the image.

The Internet, the web and electronic commerce

URL

URL abbreviation of Uniform Resource Locator, is a link of other websites.

www.AugustineTsen.blogspot.com.my/

First part is the resource on the World wide Web.

Second part is the resource name.

It specifies the IP address location.

Third part is defining the location in which country.

HTML

HTML is short form for Hyper Text Markup Language. It is the markup language for designing and creating the web pages. It structure text and layout documents in the web site by the creator. HTML allowed the pictures and object to connect to the other page or link on either the creator's own website or the other.

Javascript

Javascript is scripting language that provide motion into HTML and user can actually interact the Java programs on the website. Javascript and HTML do not contain the same function but they are much similar. And they also can be interacted with both of computer languages.

Applet

Applet is the mini application that contain very small file size and runs in the larger program such as Javascript. For example, by using firefox browser, the add-ons and plug-in will need applet to provide the little motions for logo or icons.

Blogs

Blog is a internet platform that comprehends public journals, personal experiences, knowledge informations, amusement activities and so on… People can put anything in their blog. For example, they can put pictures, videos, and text on the blog to share to friends, family, or other readers who read their blogs.

Wikis

Wikis, known as Wikipedia. It is a information centre that created by non-profit Wikimedia Foundation. The purpose of this website is to combine everyone's idea and share it to anyone who is looking for specific information in details. It might not be perfect answers because there are people updating new information everyday. But it is a very useful website that help people to search informations.

FTP

FTP, File Transfer Protocol, is use for transferring information between computer systems. It allows files move directly from the server to other local computer or any computer that can connect to the internet.

Plug-in

Plug-in are similar to add-ons. Plug-in are the small applications that install in the explorer such as IE, Firefox, and safari.

Filter

Filter response to a request for a resource in a web application.

Internet Security Suite

It is a program designed for protecting your computer from out coming virus or hacking attack. Usually there are some unknown virus hiding behind the files or programs that approached your computer and you don't even realized. Internet security suite will try to avoid it happen and block the virus before they reached.

Careers in IT

Webmaster

Webmaster is a person who designs and maintens a website. This person is able to ensure the function of the web servers, hardware, and software are working on the right tract.

-Computer support Specialist

Computer support specialist is who try to help people to solve any problems or functions in their computer. For example, it maybe hardware issues, solfware issues, or even some problems on internet website. They will welling to help on phone, e-mail, or even face-to-face.

Technical Writer

A technical writer is a professional writer who design, creat, maintain, and problem solved technical documentation. This person is going to help people in set up online help, user guides and so on...

Software engineer

A software engineer is a person who has schooled and skilled in creation designs of programe. The difference between a programmer and a software engineer is that a programmer create a code that make the program run; a software engineer is able to create a design the tools and implements of the program.

Network Administrator

This particular person is responsible of the maintenance of software and hardware that compress the computer network. Network Administrator concentrat on mostly network, server development, and internet security.

Database Administrator

A database administrator is responsible of enviromental aspect database. These including the works of recoverability, integrity, security, availability, performance, development and testing support. The duties of database administrator is to manage database system, backups and testing of backs, performance analysis, and database design or assistance.

System Analyst

A system analyst research, select, configures computer system for an oranization or business. System analyst interact with customers to learn and note down the requirements from customers. Then produce a system development. System analyst also interact with the designers who created the software and get more understanding of the software limitations. Basically, system analyst helps programmers and customers in ducumentation requirements.

Programmer

A programmer is who contains computer knowledge and writes computer software. Programmer is specialist in one area of computer programming. It must know the better understanding of the language C, C++, Java< Lisp, Delphi etc in order to create and complete computer program.